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LDS edition of the Bible | |
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Full name | Holy Bible King James Version (English) Santa Biblia: Reina-Valera 2009 (Spanish) Bíblia Sagrada, Almeida 2015 (Portuguese) |
Language | English, Spanish, and Portuguese |
Complete Bible published | 1979 (English) 2009 (Spanish) 2015 (Portuguese) |
Textual basis | King James Version (English) Reina-Valera (Spanish) João Ferreira de Almeida's translation (Portuguese) |
Religious affiliation | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints |
Website | www.lds.org/scriptures/bible |
In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters. And God said, Let there be light: and there was light. For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. |
The LDS edition of the Bible is a version of the Bible published by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) in English, Spanish and Portuguese. The text of the LDS Church's English-language Bible is the Authorized King James Version; the church's Spanish-language Bible is a revised Reina-Valera translation and the Portuguese-language edition is based on the Almeida translation. The editions include footnoting, indexing, and summaries that are consistent with LDS Church teachings and that integrate the Bible with the church's other standard works. The LDS Church encourages its members to use the LDS edition of the Bible.
The eighth Article of Faith of the church states, 'We believe the Bible to be the word of God as far as it is translated correctly'.[1] This statement is somewhat problematic since Biblical scriptures still exist in their original languages and translations can be checked and corrected. Some argue that here 'translation' actually means the entire process of transmission, not merely the conversion of extant Greek and Hebrew into modern language. Others claim that the exact meanings of certain ancient words have been obscured over time and the interpretations of scriptures distorted beyond scholarly repair.[2]
English-language King James Version edition[edit]
Quadruple combination (Bible & other Standard Works) opened to the Book of Isaiah - note the cross references between Biblical and Latter-day Saint scripture in the footnotes
In 1979, the LDS Church published its first edition of the Bible in English.[3][4] The text of the Bible is that of the Authorized King James Version.[3][5] Both the Old and New Testaments are included, but the Apocrypha is not. Each chapter includes a paragraph-long heading that summarizes the contents of the chapter from a 'Mormon perspective'.[5] Cross-referencing footnotes to the Bible, the Book of Mormon, the Doctrine and Covenants, and the Pearl of Great Price are included, as is an LDS-oriented 600-page topical index and the church's Bible Dictionary.[3][5] Selected references to the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible are included in footnotes, with longer excerpts included in an appendix.[5] Lastly, the edition contains bible maps and a gazetteer.[3] In 1999, color photographs from the Holy Land were added. None of the LDS-specific supplements in the edition claim doctrinal authority: only the text of the King James Version (and the other standard works) is considered canonical by the LDS Church.[5]
The publication of the English-language LDS edition of the Bible was overseen by apostleThomas S. Monson, who later became the President of the Church. The English-language edition has been described as portraying a 'strongly conservative' version of Mormonism that is largely reflective of the theological positions of apostleBruce R. McConkie,[5] who assisted Monson in editing the work and wrote the chapter headings.[3]
In 1992, the church's First Presidency announced the King James Version was the church's official English Bible, stating '[w]hile other Bible versions may be easier to read than the King James Version, in doctrinal matters latter-day revelation supports the King James Version in preference to other English translations.'[6] In 2010, this statement was written into the church's Handbook, which directs official church policy and programs.[7][8]
Spanish-language Reina-Valera edition[edit]
In 2009, the LDS Church published a Spanish-language edition of the Bible.[9] Entitled Santa Biblia: Reina-Valera 2009, the text of the Bible is based on the 1909 version of the Reina-Valera translation.[10][11] Changes to the text included modernization of grammar and vocabulary.[10] Like the English-language edition, the Spanish-language edition includes LDS-oriented footnotes and chapter headings, as well as a topical index.[10] The church's Spanish-language Bible project was supervised by general authoritiesJay E. Jensen and Lynn A. Mickelsen.[11] In 2010, the church's Handbook was modified to state: 'Spanish-speaking members should use the Latter-day Saint edition of the Reina-Valera Bible.'[8]
Portuguese-language Almeida edition[edit]
In 2015, the LDS Church released a new Portuguese-language edition of the Bible, a revision of the edited and corrected 1914 edition of the João Ferreira de Almeida translation.[12] This version was initially released electronically, and became available in print in March 2016.[13]
Other languages[edit]
As of 2015, the LDS Church does not publish Bibles in any other languages besides English, Spanish and Portuguese. However, as stated in the Handbook, '[i]n many other non-English languages, the Church has approved a non–Latter-day Saint edition of the Bible for use in Church meetings and classes.'[8]
Notes[edit]
- ^Articles of Faith 1:8, Pearl of Great Price.
- ^https://www.fairmormon.org/answers/Mormonism_and_the_Bible/Overview
- ^ abcdeRobert J. Matthews, 'The New Publications of the Standard Works—1979, 1981'Archived 2013-10-21 at the Wayback Machine, BYU Studies, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 387–424 (Fall 1982).
- ^Lavina Fielding Anderson, “Church Publishes First LDS Edition of the Bible”, Ensign, October 1979, p. 9.
- ^ abcdefPhilip L. Barlow (1997). 'The New LDS Edition of the Scriptures', in Mormons and the Bible: The Place of the Latter-day Saints in American Religion (New York: Oxford University Press) pp. 205–214.
- ^'First Presidency Statement on the King James Version of the Bible', Ensign: 80, August 1992
- ^Stack, Peggy Fletcher (February 18, 2011). 'LDS sticking with King James Version'. The Salt Lake Tribune. Retrieved 2010-02-21.
- ^ abc'§21.1.7 Bible', Handbook 2: Administering the Church, LDS Church, 2010
- ^'LDS Church releases Spanish-language Bible', Salt Lake Tribune, 17 September 2009.
- ^ abc'LDS Edition of The Holy Bible in Spanish'. lds.org. Retrieved 6 February 2014.
- ^ abScott Taylor, 'LDS Church publishes new Spanish-language Bible', Deseret News, 13 September 2009.
- ^'LDS Edition of Bible in Portuguese', Liahona, November 2015.
- ^Michael Morris, 'President Eyring Announces 'Great Blessing' for Portuguese-Speaking Saints', lds.org, 15 September 2015.
References[edit]
- Peggy Fletcher Stack, 'LDS sticking with King James Version', Salt Lake Tribune, 2011-02-18.
Further reading[edit]
- Jackson, Kent (2011), The King James Bible and the Restoration, BYU, ISBN978-0-8425-2802-3
External links[edit]
- English-language edition
- English-language LDS Bible: complete text in PDF, including footnotes and chapter headings. Does not include other supplemental material.
- English-language Old Testament: complete text in HTML, including footnotes and chapter headings
- English-language New Testament: complete text in HTML, including footnotes and chapter headings
- English-language Study Helps: complete text in HTML of the topical index, bible dictionary, maps, and Joseph Smith Translation
- Spanish-language edition
- Spanish-language LDS Bible: complete text in PDF, including footnotes and chapter headings.
- Spanish-language Old Testament: complete text in HTML, including footnotes and chapter headings
- Spanish-language New Testament: complete text in HTML, including footnotes and chapter headings
![Gateway Gateway](/uploads/1/2/5/7/125727052/418276799.jpg)
- Portuguese-language edition
- Portuguese-language LDS Bible: complete text in PDF, including footnotes and chapter headings.
- Portuguese-language Old Testament: complete text in HTML, including footnotes and chapter headings
- Portuguese-language New Testament: complete text in HTML, including footnotes and chapter headings
- Other media
- 'That Promised Day: The Coming Forth of the LDS Scriptures' - BYUtv documentary describing the production of the modern (1979+) English editions of the Standard Works, starting with the LDS edition of the Bible.
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=LDS_edition_of_the_Bible&oldid=930832585#Spanish-language_Reina-Valera_edition'
Reina–Valera | |
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Bible's title-page traced to the Bavarian printer Mattias Apiarius, 'the bee-keeper'. Note the emblem of a bear tasting honey. The title in English says: THE BIBLE, THAT IS, THE SA- CRED BOOKS OF THE OLD AND NEW TE- STAMENT. | |
Full name | Reina–Valera |
Language | Spanish |
Authorship | Casiodoro de Reina First revision by Cipriano de Valera |
Version revision | 1602, 1862, 1909, 1960, 1995 and 2011 |
Publisher | United Bible Societies |
En el principio creó Dios los cielos y la tierra. Y la tierra estaba desordenada y vacía, y las tinieblas estaban sobre la faz del abismo, y el Espíritu de Dios se movía sobre la faz de las aguas. Y dijo Dios: Sea la luz; y fue la luz. Porque de tal manera amó Dios al mundo, que ha dado a su Hijo unigénito, para que todo aquel que en él cree, no se pierda, mas tenga vida eterna. |
The Reina–Valera is a Spanish translation of the Bible originally published in 1909[1] when United Bible Societies revised the earlier translation produced in 1569 by Casiodoro de Reina. This translation was known as the 'Biblia del Oso' (in English: Bear Bible)[2] because the illustration on the title page showed a bear trying to reach a container of honeycombs hanging from a tree.[3] Since that date, it has undergone various revisions notably those of 1909, 1960, 1995,[1] and more recently in 2011. The Reina–Valera Bible is as central to the perception of the Bible in Spanish as the King James Version is in English.
- 1History
History[edit]
Starting point[edit]
Casiodoro de Reina, a former Catholic monk of the Order of St. Jerome, and later an independent Lutherantheologian,[4] with the help of several collaborators[5] produced the Biblia del Oso, the first complete Bible printed in Spanish. (Earlier translations, such as the 13th-century Alfonsina Bible, translated from Jerome's Vulgate, had been copied by hand.)
It was first published on September 28, 1569, in Basel, Switzerland.[6][7] The translation was based on the Hebrew Masoretic Text (Bomberg's Edition, 1525) and the Greek Textus Receptus (Stephanus' Edition, 1550). As secondary sources, de Reina used the Ferrara Bible for the Old Testament and the Latin Edition of Santes Pagnino throughout. For the New Testament, he was greatly aided by the translations of Francisco de Enzinas and Juan Pérez de Pineda. The 1569 version included the deuterocanonical books within the Old Testament.
Edition by Cipriano de Valera[edit]
In 1602 Cipriano de Valera, a student of de Reina, published a revision of the Biblia del Oso which was printed in Amsterdam in which the deuterocanonical books were placed in a section between the Old and New Testaments called the Apocrypha.[8] Among the reasons for the revision was the fact that in the intervening period words had changed their meanings or gone out of use.[9] For a time, it was known simply by de Valera's name.[10]
Further revisions[edit]
The British and Foreign Bible Society, the American Bible Society and the United Bible Societies published a total of fifteen revisions between 1808 and 1995[10] of which those of 1909, 1960 and 1995 are the most significant today and remain in print[1] and a further revision appeared in 2011. Modern editions often omit the Apocrypha. The principle behind these revisions has been to remain as close to the original Reina–Valera as possible without causing confusion or misunderstanding.[11] Even the 1995 New Testament is based on the traditional Textus Receptus despite the fact that the United Bible Societies use modern critical Greek texts as the basis for other translations.[12] It retains the traditional form of the name of God, 'Jehová' (with the notable exceptions of the Nueva Reina Valera 1990, revision which replaces 'Jehová' with 'El Eterno' and the Reina Valera Contemporánea, revision of 2011 which replaces 'Jehová' with 'El Señor').
In addition, it uses for the second-person plural the pronoun 'vosotros' (except for the Reina Valera Contemporánea which replaces 'vosotros' with 'ustedes'), which is obsolete outside Spain.[13] Apart from updating the vocabulary where necessary, its major innovations lie in the area of visual presentation: Hebrew verse is printed in a way that reflects its structure rather than as if it were prose, and while the numbering of verses has been retained the text is laid out clearly in paragraphs.[14]
Since the resurgence of the King James Only movement in the United States (and its exportation to other countries), there has been much debate among Christian groups who use the Reina–Valera Bible. However, the 1960 revision became the common Bible of many millions of Spanish-speaking Protestants around the world, surpassing the 1909 in its reception. Almost all Hispanic churches use it, despite further attempts to revise it (for example, the unofficial Reina–Valera-Gomez revision).
The Reina–Valera Bible is one of the Bible translations authorized to be used in Spanish-language services of the Church of Christ, Scientist,[15] the Anglican Communion as well as by many religious groups.[16][17]
Unofficial revisions[edit]
- The 1602 Purified Bible done in Monterrey, Mexico, by advocates of King James Onlyism. The First edition was printed in 2001, with the Second Edition in 2002. Their purpose was to create (or rather, to restore) a Spanish-language bible which honored and remained true to the old Reina-Valera Castellan Spanish.
- The Reina–Valera 1865, made by Dr. Ángel H. de Mora of Spain, and subsequently printed by the American Bible Society. The ABS continued to reprint this Valera edition until the 1950s. It was reprinted again in the year 2000 by the Local Church Bible Publishers of Lansing, Michigan, and the Valera Bible Society of Miami, Florida.
- The Reina–Valera–Gómez Bible, a revision of the 1909, done in Matamoros, Mexico, by advocates of King James Onlyism.[18][19]
- The Trinitarian Bible Society, itself advocating a mild form of King James Onlyism, has been working on a revision of the Valera 1909.
- The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons) published in 2009 their first official Spanish edition of the Bible based on the 1909 Reina–Valera edition, with 'a very conservative update of outdated grammar and vocabulary'.[20][21]
See also[edit]
Wikisource has original text related to this article: |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Biblia Reina-Valera. |
References[edit]
- ^ abcAnon. ¡Refrescante y más brillante que nunca! Sociedades Bíblicas Unidas (1995) p.9
- ^The facsimile reproduction was published by the Spanish Bible Society (1970 ISBN84-8083-073-5).
- ^'La Biblia del Siglo de Oro'. La Biblia Web, Sociedades Bíblicas Unidas. 26 July 2010. Archived from the original on 21 June 2013. Retrieved 7 July 2013.
- ^compare: Rosales, Raymond S. Casiodoro de Reina: Patriarca del Protestantismo Hispano. St. Louis: Concordia Seminary Publications. 2002.
- ^González, Jorge A. The Reina–Valera Bible: From Dream to RealityArchived 2007-09-18 at the Wayback Machine
- ^James Dixon Douglas, Merrill Chapin Tenney (1997), Diccionario Bíblico Mundo Hispano, Editorial Mundo Hispano, pág 145.
- ^'Sagradas Escrituras (1569) Bible, SEV'. biblestudytools.com. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^A facsimile edition was produced by the Spanish Bible Society: (Sagrada Biblia. Traducción de Casiodoro de Reina 1569. Revisión de Cipriano de Valera 1602. Facsímil. 1990, Sociedades Biblicas Unidas, ISBN84-85132-72-6)]
- ^Anon. ¡Refrescante y más brillante que nunca! Sociedades Bíblicas Unidas (1995) pp. 22f
- ^ ab'Versiones castellanas de la Biblia' en Nuevo Diccionario Bíblico Ediciones Certeza (1991)
- ^Anon. ¡Refrescante y más brillante que nunca! Sociedades Bíblicas Unidas (1995) p.14
- ^Anon. ¡Refrescante y más brillante que nunca! Sociedades Bíblicas Unidas (1995) pp.19f
- ^'Presentación' near beginning of the 1995 version study edition (no page number)
- ^Anon. ¡Refrescante y más brillante que nunca! Sociedades Bíblicas Unidas (1995) pp. 51f
- ^'Edición de citas - Christian Science Bible Lessons'. Christian Science Bible Lessons.
- ^'General Seminary will host lecture on printed Bibles'. 27 March 2006.
- ^'The Canons of the General Convention of the Episcopal Church (Canon 2 - of translations of the Bible) -Episcopal Church'(PDF).
- ^compare: Here Comes Gomez
- ^compare: What About The Gomez Bible?
- ^'Church Edition of Spanish Bible Now Published'. 14 September 2009.
- ^'La Santa Biblia'. ChurchofJesusChrist.org.
Further reading[edit]
- Raymond S. Rosales. Casiodoro de Reina, patriarca del Protestantismo hispano, in Serie de monografías [de las] Publicaciones del Seminario Concordia, no. 5. Saint Louis, Mo.: Concordia Seminary Publications, 2002. ISBN0-911770-74-7
External links[edit]
- Works by or about Reina-Valera at Internet Archive
- Works by Reina-Valera at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reina-Valera&oldid=934549928'